Matsayin aikace-aikacen da tsammanin kayan haɗin gwiwar SMC a cikin masana'antar mota

Sheet gyare-gyaren fili (SMC) wani fili ne na gyare-gyaren da ake amfani da shi don busassun masana'anta na samfuran fiberglass na polyester mara kyau. Ya fara bayyana a Turai a farkon shekarun 1960. A cikin 1965, Amurka da Japan sun ci gaba da haɓaka wannan fasaha. SMC a kasuwannin duniya ya fara yin tasiri a ƙarshen 1960s. Tun daga wannan lokacin, yana girma cikin sauri a cikin adadin girma na shekara-shekara na 20% zuwa 25%, kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin motocin sufuri, gine-gine, lantarki / lantarki da sauran masana'antu.

SMC (gwanin gyare-gyaren takarda)

SMC composite abu shine taƙaitaccen fili na Sheet gyare-gyaren fili, wanda shine fili na gyare-gyaren takarda. Babban kayan albarkatun kasa sun hada da GF (yarn na musamman), UP (resin unsaturated), ƙananan abubuwan haɓakawa, MD (filler) da ƙari daban-daban. Ya fara bayyana a Turai a farkon shekarun 1960. A cikin 1965, Amurka da Japan sun ci gaba da haɓaka wannan fasaha. A ƙarshen 1980s, ƙasata ta gabatar da ci-gaba na ƙetare layin samar da SMC da hanyoyin samarwa.

Matsayin aikace-aikacen yanzu a cikin masana'antar kera motoci

Tun lokacin da aka yi nasarar kera motar FRP na farko a duniya, GM Corvette, a cikin 1953, kayan fiberglass/compositet kayan sun zama sabon ƙarfi a cikin masana'antar kera motoci. Tsarin gyare-gyaren hannu na gargajiya na gargajiya ya dace ne kawai don samar da ƙananan ƙaura kuma ba zai iya biyan buƙatun ci gaba da ci gaban masana'antar kera motoci ba. Tun daga 1970s, saboda nasarar ci gaban kayan SMC da aikace-aikacen fasaha na gyaran gyare-gyare na injiniyoyi da fasaha na in-mold, yawan girma na shekara-shekara na FRP / kayan haɗin gwiwar a cikin aikace-aikacen motoci ya kai 25%, wanda ya zama mataki na farko a cikin ci gaba. samfurin FRP na motoci. Lokacin ci gaba da sauri; da farkon 1990s, tare da ƙara kira ga kare muhalli, lightweighting, da makamashi kiyayewa, GMT (gilashin fiber mat ƙarfafa thermoplastic composites) da kuma LFT (dogon fiber ƙarfafa thermoplastic composites) aka wakilta Thermoplastic composite kayan sun ci gaba da sauri kuma ana amfani da yafi a masana'antar kayan aikin mota. Yawan ci gaban shekara-shekara ya kai 10 zuwa 15%, wanda ya kafa lokaci na biyu na ci gaba cikin sauri. A matsayin sahun gaba na sabbin kayan, kayan da aka haɗa a hankali suna maye gurbin samfuran ƙarfe da sauran kayan gargajiya a cikin sassa na motoci, kuma suna samun ƙarin sakamako na tattalin arziki da aminci.

Za'a iya raba sassan keɓaɓɓiyar fiberglass/ haɗaɗɗen sassa na kera: sassan jiki, sassan tsari, sassan aiki da sauran sassa masu alaƙa.

1. Sassan jiki, gami da harsashi na jiki, ɗokin hular kaho, rufin rana, kofofi, grilles na radiyo, fitilun fitilun wuta, ƙorafi na gaba da na baya, da dai sauransu, gami da na'urorin haɗi na ciki. Wannan shine babban jagora don aikace-aikacen FRP / kayan haɗin gwiwa a cikin motoci. Ya fi dacewa da buƙatun ƙirar ƙirar jiki da ingantaccen buƙatun bayyanar. Haɓaka haɓakawa na yanzu da yuwuwar aikace-aikacen har yanzu yana da girma. Yafi bisa gilashin fiber ƙarfafa thermosetting robobi, hankula gyare-gyaren matakai sun hada da: SMC/BMC, RTM da hannu kwanciya-up / allura, da dai sauransu.

2. Tsarin sassa: ciki har da maƙallan gaba-gaba, firam ɗin bumpers, firam ɗin wurin zama, benaye, da dai sauransu Manufar ita ce haɓaka ƴancin ƙira, haɓakawa da amincin sassan. Yi amfani da SMC, GMT, LFT da sauran kayan.

3. Aiki sassa: Babban fasali su ne high zafin jiki juriya da man fetur juriya, yafi na injuna da na gefen inji. Kamar su: murfin bawul ɗin injin, nau'in abin sha, kwanon mai, murfin tace iska, murfin ɗakin gear, murfin jagorar iska, mai gadin bututu, ruwan fanka, zoben jagorar iska, murfin hita, sassan tankin ruwa, Cajin ruwa, famfo ruwa turbine, inji sauti rufi jirgin, da dai sauransu Babban kayan aiki ne: SMC/BMC, RTM, GMT da gilashin fiber ƙarfafa nailan, da dai sauransu.

4. Sauran sassan da ke da alaƙa: irin su CNG gas cylinders, kayan aikin tsafta don bas da RVs, sassan babur, allunan anti-glare na babbar hanya da ginshiƙan hana rikice-rikice, ginshiƙan keɓancewa na babbar hanya, ɗakunan rufin kayan aikin dubawa, da sauransu.

Matsayin aikace-aikacen yanzu a cikin masana'antar kera motoci a ƙasashen da suka ci gaba kamar Turai da Amurka

Amurka ita ce mafi girma a duniya mai samarwa da masu amfani da kayan FRP/composite. {Asar Amirka na amfani da ɗimbin kayan FRP/kayan haɗin kai a cikin motoci, wanda ya sami sakamako na ban mamaki a cikin motoci masu nauyi. A cikin Amurka, 65% na motocin Amurka suna amfani da SMC don fuskokin gaba da grille na radiator; fiye da kashi 95% na masu haskaka hasken mota suna amfani da BMC a matsayin babban abu. Aiwatar da kayan da aka haɗa a cikin motoci ya shafi kusan dukkanin masana'antun kera motoci a Amurka, kamar manyan kamfanonin kera motoci guda uku, General Motors, Ford Motor, da DaimlerChrysler (DC), da kuma masu kera motoci masu nauyi kamar Mack da Aero. -tauraro.

Aikace-aikace:

1. GM EV1 cikakken FRP jiki abin hawa lantarki, ciki har da SMC rufin, SMC engine murfin, SMC akwati murfi, SMC kofofin, RRIM gaban fenders, RRIM gaba da raya bangarori, RRIM raya kusurwa bangarori da raya wheel linings, SRIM cikakken jiki Aerodynamic gaban panel , Gilashin fiber ƙarfafa dashboard PUR, RTM chassis.

2. Ford Calaxy gaban gaban gaba (GMT), Mayar da hankali / C-MAX gaban taga ƙananan datsa panel (SMC), Thunderbird gaban ƙarshen panel, murfin injin, shinge na gaba, murfin akwati na baya, murfin wurin zama (SMC), ƙofar Cadillac XLR bangarori, murfin akwati, fenders, gaban ƙarshen panel (SMC), Lincoln Continental hood, fenders, murfi (SMC), da sauransu.

3. Chrysler Crossfire mai lalata baya, murfin iska / a-ginshiƙi (SMC); Maybach akwati murfi (SMC); murfin injin, murfin akwati (SMC) na Alfa Romeo Spider da Smart Roadster, da sauransu jira.

Aikace-aikace na Turai

A cikin Turai, ƙasashe irin su Biritaniya, Jamus, Faransa, Italiya, da Sweden sun kasance farkon waɗanda suka fara fara amfani da fiberglass/haɗin abubuwan kera motoci. A halin yanzu, fiberglass / compotes kayan da aka yadu amfani a daban-daban model na motoci, bas da manyan motoci daga Turai masana'antun mota kamar Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Volkswagen, Peugeot-Citroen, Volvo, Fiat, Lotus, da kuma Mann. Yawan amfani da kayan haɗin gwiwar motoci na shekara-shekara ya kai kusan kashi 25% na abin da ake samarwa na shekara-shekara; kusan kashi 35% na SMC da fiye da 80% na GMT da LFT ana amfani da su wajen kera sassan mota.

Aikace-aikace:

1. Mercedes-Benz sedan: CL coupe akwati murfi (SMC), wasanni coupe raya tailgate (SMC, kamar yadda aka nuna a Figure 1); rufin rana na SLR, murfin mai hana sauti, bangarorin gefen iska, mai ɓarna na baya (SMC); S jerin baya bumper bracket (GMT/LFT); E jerin fitilolin mota (BMC), da sauransu.

Mercedes-Benz Coupe model SMC ƙofar baya

2. Rear spoiler (SMC) for BMW 3 Series Touring da X5, BMW Z4 hardtop (SMC), BMW jerin raya bomper bracket (GMT/LFT), BMW 5 Series fitilolin mota (BMC), da dai sauransu.

3. VW Touareq / Polo GT1 / Lupo GT1 / FS1 rear spoiler (SMC), VW Golf R32 engine cover (SMC), Audi A2 tsaga ajiya akwatin (SMC), Audi A4 foldable akwati murfi (SMC), VW Golf A4 fitilolin mota (BMC), da kuma Golf duk-hadarin motar lantarki.

Cikakken abin hawa lantarki na jiki na FRP

4. Peugeot 607 spare tire box (LFT), Peugeot 405 bumper bracket (LFT), Peugeot 807 rear tailgate and Fender (SMC); da Citroën jerin Berlingo samfurin rufin (SMC), Xantian gaban ƙarshen bracket (LFT), AX wutsiya bene taro (GMT), C80 rear tailgate (SMC), da dai sauransu.

5. Volvo XC70, (BMC).

6. A kan sababbin nau'ikan motoci masu nauyi irin su Mercedes-Benz Actros/Actros Megaspace, MAN TG-A da F2000, jerin Volvo FH/FM, Renault Magnum/Premium/Midlum, Premium H130, Scania da Iveco Stralis, da dai sauransu All. yi amfani da adadi mai yawa na kayan haɗin gwiwa wanda SMC ya mamaye.

Aikace-aikacen Asiya

Japan har yanzu tana da karfin tattalin arziki da aka sani a yau, kuma masana'antar kera motoci tana kan gaba tare da Turai da Amurka. Koyaya, saurin da ci gaban amfani da fiberglass/nau'ikan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa sun yi nisa a baya. Babban dalili shi ne, an samar da masana'antar sarrafa karafa ta Japan kuma kayan karafa suna da inganci da tsada. Sai a tsakiyar 1980s ne Japan a hukumance ta fara bincike da haɓaka ɓangarorin kera motoci na FRP tare da canzawa zuwa manyan masana'antu. Yawancinsu sunyi amfani da fasahar SMC, kuma yanayin yana karuwa kowace shekara. Masana'antar kera motoci ta Koriya ta asali tana bin hanyar haɓaka kayan motocin Japan.

Matsayin aikace-aikacen a cikin masana'antar mota ta ƙasata

Ya zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1980, tare da babban sauyi na manufofin raya motoci na kasa da kuma bullo da fasahar kera motoci da jari na kasashen waje, amfani da kayayyakin hada motoci ya samu ci gaba tare da ci gaba mai karfi na masana'antar kera motoci ta kasata, sannu a hankali tana canzawa. hanyoyin gargajiya na asali. Yanayin aiki guda ɗaya na tsarin manna an haɗa shi cikin SMC, RTM, allura da sauran fasahohin tsari ta hanyar gabatarwar fasaha da sha, samar da wasu manyan fasahar samarwa da iya aiki. An inganta ingancin sassa sosai, kuma OEM na kera motoci sun fahimci kayan haɗin gwal na kera sosai. Haɓaka. Babban aikace-aikacen kayan haɗin mota a cikin ƙasata ya fara ne da samfuran da aka shigo da su kuma an yi amfani da su a cikin wasu ƙirar ƙira. Ya samu babban ci gaba musamman a 'yan shekarun nan.

Aikace-aikace a sedans: Samfurin sedan na ƙasa na har yanzu yana mamaye samfuran da aka shigo da su, waɗanda galibi an raba su zuwa ƙirar Amurka, Turai da Jafananci da Koriya. Har ila yau, akwai wasu kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, irin su Hongqi, Geely, BYD, Chery, Great Wall, da dai sauransu. Haɗin kayan sassa na samfuran da aka shigo da su suna bin ƙirar masana'anta na asali, kuma wasu ana samarwa a cikin gida kuma ana daidaita su. Koyaya, babban ɓangaren sassan har yanzu yana buƙatar shigo da su azaman sassan KD; yin amfani da kayan haɗaka don manyan sassa na motocin alamar gida kuma za su ƙara yaɗuwa.

Aikace-aikace:

1. Beijing Benz 300C man fetur tank karin zafi rufi panel (vinyl ester SMC);

2. Ƙarƙashin wuya, murfin injin, fenders (FRP-sa-hannu), gaba da baya, bumpers na baturi (SMC), da dai sauransu na BAIC na ƙarni na biyu na motar soja - Jarumi jerin (Figure 5);

3. Zhengzhou Nissan Ruiqi (SUV) rufin datsa taro da taga bangare (SMC);

4. Dongfeng Citroen Peugeot 307 gaban gaba (LFT);

5. SAIC Roewe's kasa deflector (SMC);

6. Sunroof panel (SMC) da kuma raya backrest frame taro (GMT) na Shanghai GM Buick Hyatt da Grand Hyatt;

7. Shanghai Volkswagen Passat B5 kasa shinge (GMT); Nanjing MG rufin (SMC);

8. Chery yana ƙira da amfani da SMC don kera kofofin a cikin haɓaka sabbin samfura.

Jerin Jaruman Motar Soja Na Biyu

Aikace-aikace a cikin motocin fasinja: FRP / kayan haɗin gwiwar ana amfani da su a cikin manyan bas ɗin gida da na alatu, gami da kusan duk samfuran duk masana'antun bas kamar Xiamen/Suzhou Jinlong, Xiwo, Ankai, Zhengzhou Yutong, Dandong Huanghai, Foton OV da sauransu. , shafe aikace-aikace sassa ciki har da gaba da raya kewaye, gaba da kuma raya bumpers, fenders, wheel guards, skirts (gefe panels), rearview madubi, kayan aiki panels, kofa bangarori, da dai sauransu Tun da sassa na wannan irin bas suna da yawa, manyan. kuma ƙanana a yawa, gabaɗaya ana ƙirƙira su ta amfani da tsarin sa hannu ko allura ko RTM.

A cikin ƙananan bas da matsakaita, ana amfani da fiberglass/kayan haɗe-haɗe. Irin su SMC gaban damo, hannun kwance-up / RTM wuya saman, BMC fitilolin mota ga Nanjing Iveco S jerin motoci, SMC alatu visor, lantarki kofa taro, alwatika taga taro, raya kaya daki ƙofar ga Turin V jerin motoci. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, aikace-aikace na FRP/composite kayan ya karu a fagen kananan bas, kuma akwai wani Trend na yin amfani da SMC da RTM tafiyar matakai don maye gurbin gargajiya hand-up tsari.

Aikace-aikace a cikin manyan motoci: Tare da gabatarwa, narkewa, sha da haɓaka mai zaman kanta na fasahar motoci, fiberglass / composite kayan sun sami nasarar aikace-aikace a cikin manyan motoci, musamman a cikin manyan motoci masu matsakaici da nauyi. Aikace-aikacen kayan haɗin gwiwar da SMC da RTM ke jagoranta yana da aiki musamman, wanda ya haɗa da rufin taksi, murfin juzu'i na gaba, masks ɗin cowl, bumpers, fenders, bangarorin gefe, ƙafar ƙafa, murfin dabaran da bangarorin kayan adonsu, ƙananan ƙofofin kayan ado, gaban gaba. murfin kayan ado na bango, masu katsewar iska, masu satar iska, iska, siket na gefe, akwatunan safar hannu da sassan injin ciki, da sauransu.

Misalai na aikace-aikacen kayan haɗaɗɗun motoci a cikin manyan manyan motoci masu nauyi na Auman ETX

Hasashen aikace-aikace na kayan haɗin mota a cikin ƙasata

Alkaluman da kungiyar masu kera motoci ta kasar Sin ta fitar sun nuna cewa, a watan Janairun shekarar 2024, yawan motocin da kasar Sin ta kera da sayar da su ya kai miliyan 2.41 da miliyan 2.439, wanda ya karu da kashi 51.2% da kashi 47.9 bisa dari a duk shekara. Siyar da manyan kamfanonin kera motoci na kasar Sin irin su FAW, Dongfeng, Changan, BYD da Geely na ci gaba da samun ci gaba mai girma. Kasuwar kera motoci ta fara farawa mai kyau, wanda ya yi kyakkyawan farawa don haɓaka masana'antar kera motoci a duk shekara.

Kasuwar motoci ta kasar Sin ta kasance a matsayi na daya a duniya wajen samar da kayayyaki da tallace-tallace tsawon shekaru 15 a jere. Sabbin samar da motocin makamashi da tallace-tallace sun kasance na farko a duniya tsawon shekaru tara a jere. Fitar da kayayyaki ya karu a bara...

Motocin nan gaba ba za su bambanta da na yau ba ta hanyoyi da yawa. A cikin al'ummar yau, hangen nesa na mutane ya koma kan dangantakar da ke tsakanin mutum da yanayi. Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli da makamashi sun zama mabuɗin rayuwa da ci gaban kowace ƙasa a duniya. Tare da ci gaba da inganta wayar da kan jama'a game da muhalli da kuma gabatar da ka'idojin kare muhalli a jere a kasashe daban-daban, motoci masu kore sun zama abin da babu makawa a ci gaban kera motoci a nan gaba. A matsayin babban jigon ci gaban abubuwan kera motoci na gaba, kayan haɗin gwiwar za su taka muhimmiyar rawa a ciki. Gina tsarin kayan aiki wanda ke haɗa kayan aiki, sarrafa gyare-gyare, ƙira, da dubawa don samar da ƙawance da tsarin ƙungiya na rukuni, wanda zai yi cikakken amfani da albarkatu (kayan fasaha, albarkatun kayan aiki) a kowane fanni, haɗa haɗin kai kusa da fa'idodin kowane bangare, da kuma haɓaka ci gaba da haɓaka masana'antar kayan haɗin gwiwa.

Masana'antar kera motoci suna haɓaka cikin sauri, kuma bincike kan kayan haɗin gwiwar kuma yana ci gaba cikin sauri. Sabbin samfura daban-daban da sabbin kayayyaki suna fitowa koyaushe. Ana iya annabta cewa nan gaba kadan, za a yi amfani da kayan haɗin gwiwar mafi girma a fagen kera motoci.

An kafa Taizhou Huacheng Mold Co., Ltd a shekara ta 1994 kuma yana cikin gandun masana'antu na gundumar Tiantai a birnin Taizhou na lardin Zhejiang. Yana da tarihin gyare-gyare na kusan shekaru 30. Ƙungiyar shugaban ƙasa ce mai daraja ta majalisar wakilai ta 10 ta ƙungiyar fasaha ta Shanghai da kuma sashin gudanarwa na ƙungiyar masana'antun masana'antu ta Sin. Kamfanin yana rufe yanki fiye da murabba'in murabba'in 20,000 kuma yana da fiye da 70 kwararru da ma'aikatan fasaha. A farkon kafuwar kamfanin, kamfanin ya fi kera nau'ikan nau'ikan filastik iri-iri. Tun 2003, ya canza da kuma mayar da hankali a kan R & D da kuma masana'antu na SMC, BMC, GMT, LFT-D, HP-RTM, PCM da sauran hada kayan molds. ƙwararriyar ƙwararriyar kayan kwalliya ce mai ba da mafita.

Kamfanonin Huacheng na gyare-gyaren abubuwa masu haɗaka sun haɗa da sararin samaniya, jirgin ƙasa mai sauri da jirgin ƙasa, mota, kayan lantarki, kayan gini, kayan wasanni, haɗaɗɗen bandaki, jerin maganin ruwa da sauran filayen. Hakanan muna da ƙwarewa na musamman a cikin hadaddun tsarin ƙirar sararin samaniya da tsarin ƙirar ƙira. Mun haɗu tare da abokan cinikin Turai, kuma fasahar ƙirar mu ta kai matakin duniya. Samar da ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararru tare da iri da yawa, kyawawan inganci da babban farashi. Ana fitar da kusan kashi 50% na samfuran kamfani zuwa ƙasashen Turai, Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Asiya da yankuna. An ba shi lakabin Kasuwancin Fasaha na Kasa, Kasuwancin Innovation na Lardin Zhejiang, Babban Kamfanin Fasaha na Birnin Taizhou, da Tiantai Fifty Excellent Enterprise. Babban kamfani ne a cikin masana'antar ƙira ta yanki.

[Sanarwa]: Idan wani ɓangare na abubuwan da ke cikin wannan labarin bai dace da bayanin haƙƙin mallaka na asalin marubucin ba ko kuma ainihin marubucin bai yarda da sake bugawa ba, da fatan za a kira mu: 18858635168